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July 25, 2010

Verbal Ability-Question of the Day

QUESTION:-   
The question below contains a paragraph followed by alternative summaries. Choose the option that best captures the essence of the paragraph.
Stem cells are distinguished from other cell types by two important characteristics. First, they are unspecialized cells capable of renewing themselves through cell division, sometimes after long periods of inactivity. Second, under certain physiologic or experimental conditions, they can be induced to become tissue- or organ-specific cells with special functions. In some organs, such as the gut and bone marrow, stem cells regularly divide to repair and replace worn out or damaged tissues. In other organs, however, such as the pancreas and the heart, stem cells only divide under special conditions.

OPTIONS       
 1) Stem cells are specialized cells and can divide themselves for indefinite time through cell division. They are capable of repairing organs and change into almost any type of cell given the correct stimulus.
 2) Unlike other cell types, stem cells are unspecialized cells that can renew themselves for indefinite periods, and change themselves into tissue or organ specific cells with special functions.
 3) Stem cells are specialized cells that can renew themselves for long periods of time through cell division, and are capable of repairing organs and change into almost any type of cell given the correct stimulus.
 4) Unlike specialised cell types, stem cells can renew themselves by cell division, but are capable of changing themselves into almost any type of specialist cell to replace worn out or damaged tissues.
 5) Unlike other cell types, stem cells are unspecialized cells and can renew themselves through cell division, and can change themselves into any type of cell given the correct stimulus.

Solution
The paragraph states that stem cells can be ‘induced. This is an important inclusion in the summary.
Option 1 and 3 state ‘specialize cells’, which makes them incorrect.
In options 2 and 4, the idea of ‘special conditions’ is missing, and therefore they are incorrect.
Hence, the correct answer is option 5.
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